S-nitrosoglutathione modulates CXCR4 and ICOS expression

Localization of S-nitrosoglutathione and expression of S-nitrosoglutathione reductase in pea plants under cadmium stress.

S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) is considered a natural nitric oxide (NO.) reservoir and a reactive nitrogen intermediate in animal cells, but little is known about this molecule and its metabolism in plant systems. In this work, using pea plants as a model system, the presence of GSNO in collenchyma cells was demonstrated by an immunohistochemical method. When pea plants were grown with a toxic Cd...

Cell cycle modulates CXCR4 expression in germinal center B cells

Adaptation of antibody-mediated immunity occurs in germinal centers (GC). It is where affinity maturation, class switching, memory and plasma cell differentiation synergize to generate specific high affinity antibodies that help both to clear and protect against reinfection of invading pathogens. Within GCs, light and dark zone are two compartments instrumental in regulating this process, by se...

Retrogenic ICOS Expression Increases

Role of ergothioneine on S-nitrosoglutathione catabolism.

Ergothioneine (ESH) is a low-molecular-mass thiol present in millimolar concentrations in a limited number of tissues, including erythrocytes, kidney, seminal fluid and liver; however, its biological function is still unclear. In the present study we investigated the role of ESH in the catabolism of S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO). The results show that: (1) GSNO decomposition is strongly influence...

Metabolism of S-nitrosoglutathione in intact mitochondria.

S-nitrosation of protein thiol groups by nitric oxide (NO*) is a widely recognized protein modification. Only few intracellular S-nitrosated proteins have been identified and it has been reported that S-nitrosation/denitrosation can serve as a regulatory process in signal-transduction pathways. Given the potential physiological importance of S-nitrosothiols, and considering that mitochondria ar...